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![1:49 balun with FT400-43 material and the influence of the winding method on the measurement results.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_ea3e72bdc6f64b30995d7ea1a5e92604~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_ea3e72bdc6f64b30995d7ea1a5e92604~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Oct 28, 20241 min read
1:49 balun with FT400-43 material and the influence of the winding method on the measurement results.
6 windings together and 8 windings distributed over the core Windings distributed over the core Schematic: First measurement:...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_85226ec97f16439d9b66c534f72d2628~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_85226ec97f16439d9b66c534f72d2628~mv2.webp)
![Wall-mounted loop antenna](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_85226ec97f16439d9b66c534f72d2628~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_85226ec97f16439d9b66c534f72d2628~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Aug 18, 20241 min read
Wall-mounted loop antenna
To reduce interference from man-made noise, I often use a loop antenna which is known for its ability to decrease unwanted signals. I...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_4025d6cd4000470f8bb8d9892d00de05~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_4025d6cd4000470f8bb8d9892d00de05~mv2.webp)
![Vertical antenna with 2 elevated radials for the 20 meter band.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_4025d6cd4000470f8bb8d9892d00de05~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_4025d6cd4000470f8bb8d9892d00de05~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Jul 18, 20241 min read
Vertical antenna with 2 elevated radials for the 20 meter band.
A pole of 10 meters is used. From the top to the middle (feedpoint) 5 meters of 2.5 mm² is used. From the middle (feedpoint) two radials...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_557487ed1a5040859ac6b5eab513180e~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_557487ed1a5040859ac6b5eab513180e~mv2.webp)
![How the ATU was build](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_557487ed1a5040859ac6b5eab513180e~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_557487ed1a5040859ac6b5eab513180e~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Jun 29, 20241 min read
How the ATU was build
Bottom view: Top view: Schematic diagram Air coils: Wire diameter = 0.8 mm Diameter pen = 9.7 mm L1 = 2 turns L2 = 3 turns L3 = 5...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_331cafc833d5422b9ef7a863225232e9~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_331cafc833d5422b9ef7a863225232e9~mv2.webp)
![Measurements to determine practical losses in an ATU (Antenna Tuning Unit).](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_331cafc833d5422b9ef7a863225232e9~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_331cafc833d5422b9ef7a863225232e9~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Jun 15, 20242 min read
Measurements to determine practical losses in an ATU (Antenna Tuning Unit).
I built two identical tuners to go from 50 Ohms to a complex impedance and then back to 50 Ohms. This makes it easy to measure the...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_ae1b7fc8299e43c6895eb09a6267dca7~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_ae1b7fc8299e43c6895eb09a6267dca7~mv2.webp)
![Guanella 1/4 balun 1 core versus 2 separated cores.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_ae1b7fc8299e43c6895eb09a6267dca7~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_ae1b7fc8299e43c6895eb09a6267dca7~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Dec 5, 20232 min read
Guanella 1/4 balun 1 core versus 2 separated cores.
It was my friend Eric ONBEW who drew my attention to a number of articles (from G3TXQ, DJ0IP and W7EL), which mentioned that a 1/4...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_92fdb8e43fd7411f8fa2477b942558e7~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_92fdb8e43fd7411f8fa2477b942558e7~mv2.webp)
![Receiving loop antenna for indoor or portable use revised version.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_92fdb8e43fd7411f8fa2477b942558e7~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_92fdb8e43fd7411f8fa2477b942558e7~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Aug 26, 20231 min read
Receiving loop antenna for indoor or portable use revised version.
New version Old version I changed the shape from square to circle. Height and width of the loop are 1 meter. This means that one...
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![Guanella 2/1 current balun](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_6f1330c2175b42cb8925ef9dbc76253d~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_95,enc_auto/7bf821_6f1330c2175b42cb8925ef9dbc76253d~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Jan 5, 20231 min read
Guanella 2/1 current balun
Picture: Upper core = FT240-43 1:1 curent balun Lower core = FT240-43 1:4 Guanella current balun Wires are wound in a different way! Take...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_ab6d12154b7e4af4ae2f746d42e7c6cf~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_ab6d12154b7e4af4ae2f746d42e7c6cf~mv2.webp)
![The use of a line output transformer core to make a balun.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_ab6d12154b7e4af4ae2f746d42e7c6cf~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_ab6d12154b7e4af4ae2f746d42e7c6cf~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Apr 21, 20221 min read
The use of a line output transformer core to make a balun.
Be careful when removing the core as it is very fragile! 10 windings were made both top and bottom. They behave like 100 ohm transmission...
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![Receiving loop antenna with 3 turns i.s.o. 2 turns.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_622fa424b28f427bb430d9d57504f7b3~mv2.png/v1/fill/w_402,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_95,enc_auto/7bf821_622fa424b28f427bb430d9d57504f7b3~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Jan 13, 20221 min read
Receiving loop antenna with 3 turns i.s.o. 2 turns.
Height and width of the loop are 1 meter. This means that one turn = 2.80 meters. In this case i have used tree turns = 8.40 meters. New...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_5504a89ce7084d3190502f0c1698ecda~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_5504a89ce7084d3190502f0c1698ecda~mv2.webp)
![Receiving loop antenna for indoor or portable use.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_5504a89ce7084d3190502f0c1698ecda~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_5504a89ce7084d3190502f0c1698ecda~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Jan 10, 20221 min read
Receiving loop antenna for indoor or portable use.
Height and width of the loop are 1 meter. This means that one turn = 2.80 meters. In this case i have used two turns = 5.60 meters. I...
176 views0 comments
![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_c06827c0e8f74853b0eb5d9d10175ace~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_c06827c0e8f74853b0eb5d9d10175ace~mv2.webp)
![Loop On Ground Antenna](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_c06827c0e8f74853b0eb5d9d10175ace~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_c06827c0e8f74853b0eb5d9d10175ace~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Aug 17, 20211 min read
Loop On Ground Antenna
The feedpoint Square with a side = 5 meters Hard to see on the picture. top left is the feedpoint Used material: 1 core of 73 material...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_49e33830d4ca4a68af9e81385d7304cf~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_49e33830d4ca4a68af9e81385d7304cf~mv2.webp)
![Guanella 1/6 current balun.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_49e33830d4ca4a68af9e81385d7304cf~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_49e33830d4ca4a68af9e81385d7304cf~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
May 2, 20211 min read
Guanella 1/6 current balun.
Pictures: Schematic: U out = 2.5 x U in ==> Impedance Out = 2.5 x 2.5 = 6.25 x impedance In @ 50 Ohms in, Out = 312 Ohms. Measuring...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_195efb76cbc846b6b65e20a0b641724e~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_195efb76cbc846b6b65e20a0b641724e~mv2.webp)
![Guanella 1/9 current balun.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_195efb76cbc846b6b65e20a0b641724e~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_195efb76cbc846b6b65e20a0b641724e~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Apr 24, 20211 min read
Guanella 1/9 current balun.
Picture: Schematic: Input: 3 transmission lines with an impedance of 150 ohms in parallel = 50 Ohms, Output: 3 transmission lines with an...
984 views3 comments
![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_9d3f674ec1bf41b59c21aaefe6a7b22f~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_9d3f674ec1bf41b59c21aaefe6a7b22f~mv2.webp)
![Building a QRO 1/49 transformer for end fed antenna.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_9d3f674ec1bf41b59c21aaefe6a7b22f~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_9d3f674ec1bf41b59c21aaefe6a7b22f~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Mar 28, 20211 min read
Building a QRO 1/49 transformer for end fed antenna.
Used material: - 3 cores Amidon 240-43 - copper wire 1.8 mm diameter - PTFE tube with 2 mm internal diameter and 3 mm outside diameter -...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_3cdc1c1f3ca445f78ccfd1330cb35efb~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_3cdc1c1f3ca445f78ccfd1330cb35efb~mv2.webp)
![The Turrin balun](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_3cdc1c1f3ca445f78ccfd1330cb35efb~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_3cdc1c1f3ca445f78ccfd1330cb35efb~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Mar 13, 20211 min read
The Turrin balun
Used material: FT240-43 Schematic: Insertion loss: Return loss: Common mode rejection:
105 views0 comments
![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_622752a092ba40abbdb073a8e28810a4~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_622752a092ba40abbdb073a8e28810a4~mv2.webp)
![Guanella 2 wire balun versus Ruthroff 3 wire balun.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_622752a092ba40abbdb073a8e28810a4~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_622752a092ba40abbdb073a8e28810a4~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Mar 7, 20211 min read
Guanella 2 wire balun versus Ruthroff 3 wire balun.
Guanella 2 wire Ruthroff 3 wire Schematic: Guanella 2 wire Ruthroff 3 wire Return loss: Guanella 2 wire Ruthroff 3 wire...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_605adbe1034b46879aa0b53ee9d5687d~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_605adbe1034b46879aa0b53ee9d5687d~mv2.webp)
![The Ruthroff balun (1/1 3 wire version).](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_605adbe1034b46879aa0b53ee9d5687d~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_605adbe1034b46879aa0b53ee9d5687d~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Mar 7, 20211 min read
The Ruthroff balun (1/1 3 wire version).
Used material: AmidonFT240-43 core. Top view Bottom view This is the way I think it should be made. Schematic: Insertion...
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_3a5301fe91614f83a375f2b7895c7ec6~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_3a5301fe91614f83a375f2b7895c7ec6~mv2.webp)
![Guanella balun 1: 1 comparison between two and four conductors.](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_3a5301fe91614f83a375f2b7895c7ec6~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_3a5301fe91614f83a375f2b7895c7ec6~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Mar 1, 20211 min read
Guanella balun 1: 1 comparison between two and four conductors.
Used material: Amidon FT240-43 cores. LEFT = 2 conductors RIGHT = 4 conductors Left: transmission line with an impedance of 100 ohms....
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![](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_09868bbdb8584b9e94087c77a78ab47f~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_250,h_250,fp_0.50_0.50,q_30,blur_30,enc_auto/7bf821_09868bbdb8584b9e94087c77a78ab47f~mv2.webp)
![Building and measuring a Guanella 1:4 balun with Wurth cores 74270191](https://static.wixstatic.com/media/7bf821_09868bbdb8584b9e94087c77a78ab47f~mv2.jpg/v1/fill/w_454,h_341,fp_0.50_0.50,q_90,enc_auto/7bf821_09868bbdb8584b9e94087c77a78ab47f~mv2.webp)
xtgaby
Feb 6, 20211 min read
Building and measuring a Guanella 1:4 balun with Wurth cores 74270191
For building descriptions, see my previous blogs. Return loss measurements: Insertion loss measurements: Insetion loss @ 14 MHz = 0.2 dB...
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